Reducing household food waste

Date:
October 6, 2020
Source:
Arizona State University
Summary:
Researchers employed a values-based intervention in an attempt to
reduce household food waste in 53 families in the Phoenix area.



FULL STORY ==========================================================================
In the United States, where food is relatively easy to come by for most
of the population, roughly $165 billion worth of it is wasted every
year. That's enough to fill 730 college football stadiums. And of the
food that is wasted, the majority of it is at the household level.


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"In a consumer-based culture, food can become easily devalued, especially
when it's relatively cheap, as it is in the U.S., for the most part. And
that ends up being a driver for food waste," said Chris Wharton, assistant
dean of innovation and strategic initiatives at Arizona State University's College of Health Solutions.

"But if you can show people how much they're wasting and what that
means in terms of dollars and cents or lost opportunities for their
kids to eat nutritious fruits and vegetables, then you have put value
back in the food, and that could potentially drive down food waste."
Wharton and colleagues recently published a study on the subject in the
journal Resources, Conservation and Recycling that employed a values-based intervention in an attempt to reduce household food waste in 53 families
in the Phoenix area. The study was funded by a $100,000 grant from Rob
and Melani Walton Sustainability Solutions in partnership with the city
of Phoenix.

Over the course of five weeks, the families that participated in the
study were given instructions to read and view different educational
material each week that focused on such topics as proper food storage
and how to decipher expiration dates. Along with each week's topic, the educational material also highlighted three values commonly associated
with food: cost, health and environmental impact.

"Food waste is as much about the knowledge and the skills needed to
reduce it as it is about the values we associate with the food that we
buy," Wharton said.



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At the end of each week, participants weighed and logged how much food
waste they had accumulated using a clear plastic bin to store the waste
and a food- grade scale to weigh it.

"That was one of the novelties of the study, because that type of
objective measurement hasn't really been employed before," Wharton
said. "Food waste - - like so many other things that we throw out every
day, like plastic -- it just goes into this magic bucket, the trash can,
and it just disappears. But if you can see it, then it starts to tell
you something about what it means for that to accumulate, day to day,
week to week, month to month, year to year." In fact, in qualitative
data obtained from participants' exit interviews following the study,
several families reported that watching their food waste build up in
the clear bin acted as a sort of feedback mechanism that prompted them,
and even their kids, to want to waste less.

The results of the study showed that the intervention was successful
in reducing the families' food waste by an average of 28%. And in a
follow-up measurement taken two weeks after the intervention, researchers
noted a slight increase in food waste from the families' postintervention percentage, but still an overall significantly lower percentage of food
waste than their baseline amount, measured before the intervention.

While those results are statistically significant, the study only
scratched the surface of understanding the values we associate with
food and how they influence food waste behavior. Going forward, Wharton
and his colleagues want to learn more about that in order to develop a predictive model to improve future interventions.

"The approach to revaluate food by trying to attach it to concerns about
the environment or health or finances played out interestingly, because different participants found different things more or less important,
so it's not totally clear yet what all the drivers of food waste are
amongst individuals," he said.

"There's some sense (according to research) that the elderly may waste
a little bit less than younger generations or that wealthier families
waste a little bit more than less wealthy families. But there's just
not any real consensus in the literature on what predisposes people
to waste more or less. There are lots of factors that I think could
be really important, like culture, emotions and habitation. And if we
can figure out what those are, we can develop better interventions."
Wharton encourages any families interested in reducing their own food
waste to visit the website where the same educational materials used by
study participants are accessible to the general public.

"Certainly any family can do this," he said. "It just takes a little initiative."

========================================================================== Story Source: Materials provided by Arizona_State_University. Note:
Content may be edited for style and length.


========================================================================== Journal Reference:
1. Christopher Wharton, Maricarmen Vizcaino, Andrew Berardy, Adenike
Opejin.

Waste watchers: A food waste reduction intervention among households
in Arizona. Resources, Conservation and Recycling, 2021; 164:
105109 DOI: 10.1016/j.resconrec.2020.105109 ==========================================================================

Link to news story: https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2020/10/201006114258.htm

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